From b3211b8aa24a3b03d2a39b49f255d4cdc1cd40df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Egor Tensin Date: Tue, 5 Apr 2022 11:38:44 +0200 Subject: notes/bash: generate HTML programmatically --- _notes/bash.html | 146 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 146 insertions(+) create mode 100644 _notes/bash.html (limited to '_notes/bash.html') diff --git a/_notes/bash.html b/_notes/bash.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ea0cb8a --- /dev/null +++ b/_notes/bash.html @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ +--- +title: Bash +subtitle: best practices +layout: plain +features: + - title: Arrays + topics: + - title: Declaration + do: + - | + local -a xs=() + declare -a xs=() + local -A xs=() + declare -A xs=() + + # Works with nounset: + echo "${#xs[@]}" + dont: + - | + local -a xs + declare -a xs + local -A xs + declare -A xs + + # Doesn't work with nounset: + echo "${#xs[@]}" + - title: Expansion + do: + - | + func ${arr[@]+"${arr[@]}"} + dont: + - | + # Doesn't work with nounset: + func "${arr[@]}" + # Doesn't work properly with `declare -a arr=('')`: + func "${arr[@]+"${arr[@]}"}" + - title: unset + do: + - | + unset -v 'arr[x]' + unset -v 'arr[$i]' + dont: + - | + # May break due to globbing: + unset -v arr[x] + # In addition, possible quoting problem: + unset -v arr[$i] + # Doesn't work for some reason: + unset -v 'arr["x"]' + unset -v 'arr["]"]' + # Also rejected: + unset -v 'arr["$i"]' + + # An insightful discussion on the topic: + # https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2016-09/msg00020.html + - title: errexit + topics: + - title: Command substitution + do: + - | + # Without this, bar will be executed w/ errexit disabled! + shopt -s inherit_errexit + + bar() { + false + echo 'should never see this' >&2 + } + + bar_output="$( bar )" + foo "$bar_output" + dont: + - | + bar() { + false + echo 'should never see this' >&2 + } + + # Even with errexit, foo will still get executed. + # More than that, the script will print 'should never see this'! + foo "$( bar )" + - title: Process substitution + do: + - | + shopt -s lastpipe + + command | while IFS= read -r line; do + process_line "$line" + done + dont: + - | + # Without lastpipe, you cannot pipe into read: + command | while IFS= read -r line; do + process_line "$line" + done + - | + # errexit doesn't work here no matter what: + while IFS= read -r line; do + process_line "$line" + done < <( command ) + echo 'should never see this' + - | + # This would break if $output contains the \0 byte: + output="$( command )" + + while IFS= read -r line; do + process_line "$line" + done <<< "$output" + - title: Functions + do: + - | + foo() { + false + echo 'should never see this' >&2 + } + + foo + echo ok + dont: + - | + # foo will still print 'should never see this'. + if foo; then + echo ok + fi + + # Same below. + foo && echo ok + foo || echo ok +--- +{% for feature in page.features %} +

{{ feature.title }}

+ {% for topic in feature.topics %} +

{{ topic.title }}

+
+
+ {% for guide in topic.do %} + {% highlight bash %}{{ guide }}{% endhighlight %} + {% endfor %} +
+
+ {% for guide in topic.dont %} + {% highlight bash %}{{ guide }}{% endhighlight %} + {% endfor %} +
+
+ {% endfor %} +{% endfor %} -- cgit v1.2.3